Mechanical Engineering Classes

What Is Theory of Machines Theory of Machines: may be defined as that branch of engineering science, which deals with the study of relative motion between the various parts of machine, and forces which act on them. The knowledge of this subject is very essential for an engineer in designing the various parts of a machine.  

Hydraulic turbines & Types Hydraulic Turbines  are also known as water turbines   Pelton Turbine : Pelton turbine is a type of impulsive water turbine Francis Turbine: Francis turbine is a type of water turbine.  They are used widely. Kaplan Turbine: We can notice the little variation from the Francis turbine Turgo  turbine: Pelton wheel modification is turgo turbine. Cross flow turbine: It is also known as Ossberger turbine or bankiMichell Turbine. Wind turbine: The Wind turbines are operated at the single stage but there is working without nozzle and inter-stage guide vanes. Mercury vapour turbine: In the mercury vapour turbine working fluid is mercury. It is used to improve the efficiency of the fossil fueled generating station. In some power plants we can see notice the combination of the conventional steam turbine and mercury vapours. The toxicity of the metal mercury was quickly outward.   ...

Hydraulic Machines Introduction The subject ' Hydraulic Machines' may be defined as that branch of Engineering - science which deals with the machines run by water under some head or raising the water to higher levels. Impact of Water Jets What is the impact of jets of water in hydraulic machines and fluid dynamics? What force does a water jet imposes on different surfaces like plane surface, curved surface and moving curved vanes etc.  The following relations are important : (a) Force exerted by a jet of water impinging normally on a fixed plate, (b) Force exerted by a jet of water impinging normally (i.e. perpendicular) on a fixed plate inclined at an angle 0 (as shown in Fig. 4.1) is                         Force exerted by the jet in the direction of flow,     and force exerted by the jet in a direction normal to flow,   ...

Types of Loads                                              Different types of loads  in engineering mechanics are compression, tension, torsion and bending. Compression : Compression loading is an effect in which the component reduces it size. During compression load there is reduction in volume and increase in density of a component. Tension: Tension is the act of stretching rod, bar, spring, wire, cable etc. that is being pulled from the either ends. Torsion: Torsion is the act of twisting of an rod, wire, spring etc. about an axis due to applied couple (torque). Bending: Bending is act of changing component from straight form into a curved or angular form.

Forging Process   Forging process  is perhaps the oldest metal working process and was known even during prehistoric days when metallic tools were made by heating and hammering. Forging is basically involves plastic deformation of material between two dies to achieve desired configuration. Depending upon complexity of the part forging is carried out as open die forging and closed die forging. In open die forging process, the metal is compressed by repeated blows by a mechanical hammer and shape is manipulated manually.                                                                            ...

Technically, mechanical engineering is the application of the principles and problem-solving techniques of engineering from design to manufacturing to the marketplace for any object. Mechanical engineers analyze their work using the principles of motion, energy, and force — ensuring that designs function safely, efficiently, and reliably, all at a competitive cost. Mechanical engineers make a difference. That’s because mechanical engineering careers center on creating technologies to meet human needs. Virtually every product or service in modern life has probably been touched in some way by a mechanical engineer to help humankind.   This includes solving today’s problems and creating future solutions in health care, energy, transportation, world hunger, space exploration, climate change, and more.   Being ingrained in many challenges and innovations across many fields means a mechanical engineering education is versatile. T...

Beam – Definition and Types Abeam is a structural  member  used for bearing loads. It is typically used for resisting vertical loads, shear forces and bending moments. Types of Beams: Beams can be classified into many types based on three main criteria. They are as follows: Based on geometry: Straight beam – Beam with straight profile Curved beam – Beam with curved profile Tapered beam – Beam with tapered cross section Based on the shape of cross section: I-beam – Beam with ‘I’ cross section T-beam – Beam with ‘T’ cross section C-beam – Beam with ‘C’ cross section Based on equilibrium conditions: Statically determinate beam – For a statically determinate beam, equilibrium conditions alone can be used to solve reactions. Statically indeterminate beam – For a statically indeterminate beam, equilibrium conditions are not enough to solve reactions. Additional deflections are needed to solve reactions. Based on the type of support: Simply supported beam Cantilever ...

Introduction :  The planer is a machine tool designed to produce plane and flat surface on a workpiece which is too large or too heavy. The workpiece is securely fixed on a table called platen, and it reciprocates horizontally against a single edged cutting tool. The surface machined may be horizontal, vertical or at an angle. Operations of planer machine:  The planer is used for: 1. Planing flat horizontal, vertical and curved surfaces. 2. Planing at an angle and machining dovetails. 3. Planing slots and grooves. The planer are available in different types for doing different types and sizes of job; the most common being the standard and double housing planer. Construction : The main parts of the double Housing Planer machine is Bed and table, Housings, Cross rail, , Tool heads, Driving and feed mechanism. Bed and ta ble: The bed is a long heavy base and table made of cast iron. Its top surface is flat and machined accurately. The flat top surface has slots in which ...

Introduction :  The shaper is a machine tool used primarily for: 1. Producing a flat or plane surface which may be in a horizontal, a vertical or an angular plane. 2. Making slots, grooves and keyways 3. Producing contour of concave/convex or a combination of these Working Principle :  The job is rigidly fixed on the machine table. The single point cutting tool held properly in the tool post is mounted on a reciprocating ram. The reciprocating motion of the ram is obtained by a quick return motion mechanism. As the ram reciprocates, the tool cuts the material during its forward stroke. During return, there is no cutting action and this stroke is called the idle stroke. The forward and return strokes constitute one operating cycle of the shaper. Construction : The main parts of the Shaper machine is Base, Body (Pillar, Frame, Column), Cross rail, Ram and tool head (Tool Post, Tool Slide, Clamper Box Block). Base : The base is a heavy cast iron casting which is fixed to t...

लेथ मशीन आधुनिक 'सेन्टर लेथ ' लेथ मशीन या खराद एक  मशीनी औजार  है जो अक्ष के  सममित  (सिमेट्रिक) रचना वाले सामान बनाने के काम आती है। इसमें  धातु  का पिण्ड एक अक्ष पर घूर्णन ...

Fluid Mechanics   Add comments Sep 252012   Properties of  fluids  determine how fluids can be used in engineering and technology.  They also determine the behaviour of fluids in fluid mechanics. The following are some of the important basic properties of fluids: Density Viscosity Temperature Pressure Specific Volume Specific Weight Specific Gravity 1. Density: Density is the mass per unit volume of a fluid. In other words, it is the ratio between mass (m) and volume (V) of a fluid. Density is denoted by the symbol ‘ρ’. Its unit is kg/m 3 . In general, density of a fluid decreases with increase in temperature. It increases with increase in pressure. The ideal gas equation is given by: The above equation is used to find the density of any fluid, if the pressure (P) and temperature (T) are known. Note:  The density of standard liquid (water) is 1000 kg/m 3 . 2. Viscosity Viscosity is the fluid property that determines th...